Omeprazole|Structure|Synthesis|Mechanism of action|Side-effects|Uses

 Omeprazole 

      Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor and benzimidazole drug. It is solid white to off white crystalline powder, which is freely solluble in ethanol and methanol and slightly solluble in aceton and isopropanol and very slightly solluble in water. Under fire condition hazardous composition products like carbon oxides, nitrogen oxide, sulphur oxides, magnesium oxides are formed. The moleculer weight of omeprazole is 345.4g/mol. The boiling point is 599.991⁰c  at 760mmHg. The melting point is 155⁰c. It is also known as, Prilosec, Losec, Antra, Esomeprazole, Omeprazon, Parizac, Zegerid, Miol, Dizprazol,Belmazol,Dudencer,Gastrimut,Indurgan,Inhibitron,Logastric,Peptilcer etc.

■Structure:-

The moleculer formula of omeprazole is, 

                                              [C17H19N3O3S]

The IUPAC name of omeprazole is, 

6-methoxy-2-[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methylsulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazole

■Synthesis:-

■Mechanism of action:-

            It inhibits the parietal cell H+/K+ ATPase pump because it is a proton pump inhibitor. When omeprazole was administrated in vivo,the inhibitor of acid secretary rates was found to correlate with the degree of inhibition of the gastric H+/K+/ATPase purified from the body. It is antisecratory compound that stop gastric acid secretion. It binds covalently to cysteine residues via disulfide bridge of the subunit of the H+/K+/ATPase pump, inhibiting gastric acid secretion for upto 36 hours.

■Uses:-

It is used in the treatment of, 

• Duodenal ulcer. 
• Gastric ulcer. 
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Heartburn).
• Helicobactor pylori infections. 
• Erosive Esophagitis. 
• Zollinger-ellison syndromes. 
• Hyper secratory condition. 
• Dyspepsia. 

■Dosage:-

●The initial dose for Duodenal ulcer is 20mg orally once a day for 4 weeks after meal.

●The initial dose for Gastric ulcer is 40mg orally once a day for 4-8 weeks after meal.

●The initial dose for Heartburn is 20mg orally once a day after meal.

■Side-effects:-

The major Side-effects are, 

• Back, leg or stomach pain.
• Bleeding or criusting sores on the lips.
• Blisters.
• Continuing ulcers.
• Difficult, burning or painfull urination. 
• Itching. 
• Skin rash. 
• Muscle cramps.

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