Chloroquine | structure | Synthesis | MOA| Use| Side-effects |Aralen|chlorochin|Artrichin|Reumachlor|Capquin|Chemochin| Malaysia| Helipad |

 Chloroquine

It is an anti malarial drug. It is used for treating all types of malaria, excluding yhe one caused by chloroquine resistant plasmodium falciparum. The moleculer weight of chloroquine is 319.9 gm/mol. It is odorless, white to slightly white crystalline powder with bitter in taste. It is very slightly solluble in water, chloroform, dil acid and ether,  insolluble in alcohol and benzene. The melting point of chloroquine is 87-89⁰c. It is also known as Aralen,chlorochin, Artrichin, Reumachlor,Capquin, Chemochin ,Malaysia, Helipad etc.

Structure:-

The moleculer formula of chloroquine is, [C18H26ClN3]

The IUPAC name of chloroquine is, 4-N-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-1-N,1-N-diethylpentane-1,4-diamine

Synthesis:-

Synthesis of chloroquine is completed in three step.

Step1,

Step 2,

Step3,

Mechanism of action:-

The mechanism involves interaction between ferriprotoprophyrin ix(FP) and chloroquine. FP has induced haemolysis of erythrocytes and lysis of malarial parasite. Heme is realeased as FP after the digestion of haemoglobin. The parasite detoxify the realeased FP by concersing it to hemozoin. A complex froms between chloroquine and FP that is toxic to the cell.

Uses:-

Chloroquine is used for acute malarial attacks caused by P.vivax,P.malariae,P.ovale and susceptible strains of P.falciparum.

Side effects:-

The major Side-effects of chloroquine are,

• Gastrointestinal problems.
• Stomach ache.
• Itching.
• Headache.
• Nightmares.
• Blurred vision.

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