Rifampicin|Structure|Mechanism of action|Dosage|Uses|Side-effects|Rifadin|Rimactane|Rifaldazine|Rifaprodin|Riforal|Tubocin|Rifampicinum|Rimactizid|Arficin|Benemicin|Rifamor|Arzide

 Rifampicin 

It is a semi-synthetic antibiotic derrived from streptomyces mediterranei. It is odorless red to brown crystalline powder. Slightly solluble in aceton and water, freely solluble in chloroform and methyl chloride. In light,heat,air and moisture rifampicin is very unstable. It is also known as , Rifadin,Rimactane, Rifaldazine, Rifaprodin,Riforal,Tubocin,Rifampicinum, Rimactizid,Arficin,Benemicin,Rifamor,Arzide etc.

■Structure:-

The moleculer formula of rifampicin is, [C43H58N4O12]

■Mechanism of action:-

Rifampicin binds with RNA polymerase beta subunit with in the DNA/RNA channel. So it inhibit the DNA dependent RNA polymerase, and thus supress RNA synthesis and cause cell death.

■Dosage:-

For the treatment of TB, the drug administrated orally in liquid form 20mg/ ml/day. In solid form 150mg-300mg/day. 

For the treatment of leprosy, the drug is administrated orally in solid form 150mg-300mg/day. 

■Uses:-

1. It is used in tge treatment of mycobacteriam infections, including TB and Hansens disease.
2. It is usefull in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus(MRSA) along with fusidic acid.
3. It is affected against vaccinia virus.

■Side-effects:-

The overdose of rifampicin shows several adverse effects the are,

1. Hepatitis.
2. Jaundice. 
3. Liver failure. 
4. Breathlessness. 
5. Flushing.
6. Rash.
7. Redness.
8. Nausea.
9. Vomiting. 
10. Fever.
11. Headache. 
12. Abdominal cramps. 
13. Arthralgia.
14. Malaise.

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