Atropine|Structure|Synthesis|MOA|Uses|Side effects|deadly nightshade|Atropa Belladonna

  

 Atropine

Atropine is an anticholinergic drug, which is a natural plant drug.  It is obtained from the plant, Atropa Belladonna. Atropa Belladonna is also known as deadly nightshade. It is a tropane alkaloid and acts as a bronchodilator, an antiarrhythmic, and an anesthesia agent. Atropine is used in the treatment of unstable bradycardia, and pesticide poisoning. It is a white crystalline powder, which is soluble in ethanol and water. Insoluble in ethyl ether. The molecular weight of atropine is 289.4 gm/mol. It is also known as, Tropine trope, Atropina, Atropine, etc.

Structure:

The molecular formula of atropine is, [C­­­­­17H23N O3].

The IUPAC name of atropine is,[(1S,5R)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1] octan-3-yl]-3-hydroxy-2-phenyl propanate. 

Synthesis:

Mechanism of action:

Atropine is an anticholinergic drug, it binds with acetylcholine, which is present in nerve endings. So it blocks the effect of acetylcholine. It also blocks the muscarinic (M1-M5) receptor and produced antimuscarinic effects.

Uses:

1. It is used in the treatment of bradycardia.
2. It reduced mucus, saliva, or other secretion in our airways during surgery.
3. It is used as an antidote for mushroom poisoning and cholinergic drug poisoning, organophosphate poisoning.
4. It is used as anesthesia.
5. It is used in the treatment of peptic ulcers with hemorrhage and perforation.
6. It is used in the treatment of Zollinger Elision syndrome.

Side-effects:

The overdose of atropine shows different types of side effects like,

1. Dry mouth.
2. Glaucoma.
3. Blurred vision.
4. Dizziness.
5. Nausea.
6. Fast heartbeat.
7. Rash.
8. Mucus in airways.
9. Abdominal blockage.