Prednisolone, Structure,synthesis,mechanism,dosage, uses,Side-effects
Prednisolone
Prednisolone is a corticosteroids drug. It is also known as Metacortandralone or Predonine.This is typically used to treat rheumatologic diseases. It is odorless,white to practically white crystalline powder. It is solluble in water and methanol, 1gm dissolve in about 30ml of alcohol, in about 180ml of chloroform, in about 50ml of aceton. The melting point of prednisolone is 225⁰c and the moleculer weight is 360.4gm/mol
Structure-
The moleculer formula of prednisolone is,
[C21H28O5]
The IUPAC name of prednisolone is,
11,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro- 6-cyclopentaphenanthren-3-one.
Synthesis-
Mechanism-
Prednisolone decreases inflammation and reversing increased capillary permiability. It also supress the immune system by reducing the activity and the volume of the immune system.
On the cell surface, the drug is attached with the receptor and enters the nucleus, where it binds with and activates specific nuclear receptors, which result in altered gene expression and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. This agent decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes,inducing cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosin in sensitive tumor cell population.
Dosage-
The initial dose for acute asthma is 40 to 50 mg per day in sinhle daily dose or devide 12 hours for 3 to 10 days.
The initial dose for gaint cell arteritis is 40 to 60mg per day.
The initial dosage of prednisolone may vary from 5mg to 60mg per day once a day.
Uses-
Prednisolone is used in the treatment of,
- Allergies.
- Blood disorder.
- Skin disease.
- Infection.
- Certain cancer.
- To prevent organ rejection after a transplant.
Side-effects-
The major Side-effects of prednisolone are,
- Nausea.
- Heartburn.
- Headache.
- Dizziness.
- Trouble sleeping.
- Increased sweating.
- Menstrual period changes.
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