Chlorothiazide Chronicles: Navigating the Waters of Diuretic Excellence
Chlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide is a short acting benzo thiadiazine sulfonamide derivative and prototypical thiazide diuretic. This drug is used to treat high blood pressure, edema, and other conditions. It is an odorless crystalline white powder. It is soluble in water and alkaline aqueous solution, freely soluble in dimethyl formamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and slightly soluble in methanol and pyridine. Chlorothiazide is insoluble in benzene.
The molecular weight of Chlorothiazide is 295.7g/mol. The melting point of Chlorothiazide is 648 to 649⁰F. It is also known as, Chlorothiazid, Urinex, Clorotiazid, Aldoclor, Saluric, Flumen, Minzil, Chlrosal etc.
Structure-
The chemical formula of chlorothiazide is, [C7H6ClN3O4S2].
IUPAC name of chlorothiazide is, 6-chloro-1,1-dioxo-2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide.
Synthesis-
The starting material of chlorothiazide Synthesis is chlorosulfonic acid.
Mechanism of action-
=>It increases Cl- reabsorption at distal tubules resulting in an increase of Na+, Cl- and water excretion.
=>It also increases sodium ion reabsorption in distal tubules by inhibiting the Na+/Cl- symporter.
=> It binds through the sensitive Na+/Cl- transport which results in an increase in K+ excretion via Na+/K+ exchange mechanism.
Uses-
*It is used in the treatment of edema associated with chronic heart failure.
*Used in the management of high blood pressure.
*used in the treatment of hepatic cirrhosis.
Side effects-
The overdose of chlorothiazide shows different types of side effects like,
#Dizziness.
#Lightheadness.
#Headache.
#Blurred vision.
#Loss of appetite.
#Stomach upset.
#Diarrhea.
#Constipation.
#You may also have decreased sexual ability.
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