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 Lansoprazole 

Lansoprazole is a Proton pump inhibitor and histaminH-2 receptor antagonist. It is white to brownish-white crystalline, odorless powder. It is freely soluble in dimethyl formamide, soluble in ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and acetonitrile, and insoluble in water and hexane. The molecular weight of Lansoprazole is 369.4 g/mol. It is also known as Prevacid, Bamalite, Monolitum, Ogastro, Agopton, Lanzor, Opiren, Zoton, Lansopep, Ulpex, Ketian, Lancid.

■Structure:-

The moleculer formula of lansoprazole is,

                                               [C16H14F3N3O2S]  

The IUPAC name of lansoprazole is, 

2-[[3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-2-yl]methylsulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazole.

■Mechanism of action:-

     Lansoprazole is more effective than placebo in the treatment of reflux oesophagitis. It is a  Proton pump inhibitor that inhibits the membrane enzyme H+/K+/ATPase in parietal cells. It also reacts with cysteine residues specially Cys813 and Cys321 on the parietal cell resulting in stable disulfide. Lansoprazole is able to provide prolonged inhibition of acid secretion due to its ability to bind covalently to its targets.

■Uses:-

It is used in the treatment of, 

• Duodenal ulcer.
• Gastric ulcer. 
• Zollinger-Ellison syndromes. 
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease. 
• Erosive esophagitis. 

■Dosage:-

For the short time treatment of duodenal ulcers, the initial dose is 15mg once a day for 4 weeks. The maintenance dose is the same.

For the treatment of gastric ulcer, the usual adult dose is 30mg orally once a day for 8 weeks.

For the treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndromes, the usual adult dose is 60mg orally once a day for 4 weeks. 

For the treatment of Gastroesophageal reflux disease, the usual adult dose is 15mg orally once a day for 8 weeks.

For the treatment of Erosive esophagitis, the usual adult dose is 15 mg orally once a day for 4 weeks.

■Side-effects:-

The major Side-effects of lansoprazole are,

• Severe Stomach pain.
• Diarrhea.
• Difficulty in urination.
• Seizures.
• Blood in the urine. 
• Dizziness. 
• Rapid weight gain.
• Fast heartbeat.
• Muscle cramps.
• Coughing. 
• Feeling jittery. 

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