Metronidazole|Structure|Synthesis|Mechanism of action|Uses|Side-effects|Metronidaz|Metronidazolo|Falgemona|Trichocide|Orvagil|Entizole|Danizole|Anagiardil|Metrogel|Gineflavir

Metronidazole

Metronidazole is a synthetic antiprotozoal drug, which is used in the treatment of vaginitis, amoebiasis, giardiasis etc. It is a bitter, oderless and white to yellow crystalline powder. It is spairingly solluble in dimethylformamide. It is a imidazole derrivative. The molecular weight of metronidazole is 171.1 gm/mol. It is also known as, Metronidaz, Metronidazolo, Falgemona, Trichocide, Orvagil, Entizole, Danizole, Anagiardil, Metrogel, Gineflavir etc.

Structure:-

The moleculer formula of metronidazole is,[C6H9N3O3].

The IUPAC name of metronidazole is,2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-yl)ethanol.  

Synthesis:-

Mechanism of action:-

The mechanism of action of metronidazole is not exactly clear. By the diffusion process the drug is entered in the human cell. The drug nitro group is reduced to nitro radical by flavodoxin or ferredoxin enzyme. The metronidazole is selective to reduction of the nitrogen group by the help of redox pottential of electron transport portion of anaerobic microorganism. This reduction of nitrogen produced toxic acetamide and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)oxamic acid, which damage the fungal DNA replication process.

Uses:-

It is used in the treatment of neurotising pneumonia, vincent's disease, balantidiasis, septieaemia, urinary tract infection like vaginitis (caused by Trichomonal ssp), amoebic hepatitis, liver abscesses ( caused by Entamoeba histolytica).

Side-effects:-

The overdose of metronidazole shows different types of side-effects like, 

1. Hypersensitivity reactions like, rash, itching, flushing, fever etc.

2.Dizziness.

3.Vomiting.

4.Dark urine.

5.Stomatitis.

6.Parasthesia.

7.Nausea.

8.Diarrhoea.

9.Metalic taste in mouth.

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